U.S. Veterinarians Face Increased Risk of Suicide, Says New Study

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U.S. Veterinarians Face Increased Risk of Suicide, Says New Study

U.S. veterinarians risk of suicide increased, says new study
United States veterinarians are at an increased risk of suicide, according to a new CDC study published in the Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association (JAVMA).

The study shows that female veterinarians were 3.5 times as likely, and male veterinarians were 2.1 times as likely, to die from suicide as the general population.

Seventy-five percent of the Veterinarians who died by suicide worked in a small animal practice.

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“Our findings suggest mortality from suicide among veterinarians has been high for some time — spanning the entire 36-year period we studied. This study shines a light on a complex issue in this profession. Using this knowledge, we can work together to reduce the number of suicides among veterinarians,” said CDC Director Robert Redfield, M.D.

The Study

Since 2000, the proportion of female veterinarians who died by suicide has remained at 10 percent; however, the number of deaths has increased steadily.

An earlier study by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) found female veterinarians have a higher prevalence of risk factors for suicide including experiencing depression and suicide ideation and attempts. Today, over 60 percent of U.S. veterinarians are women. 

In 2017, of the 110,531 veterinarians in the U.S, 66,731 were female and 43,662 were male.

According to the study, guns were the most commonly used method of suicide among veterinarians.

However, 37 percent of suicide deaths among veterinarians were caused by pharmaceutical poisoning, which is 2.5 times higher than pharmaceutical poisoning among the general U.S. population.

Sixty-four percent of deaths among women and 32 percent of suicide deaths among men in the veterinary profession were from this type of poisoning.

Suicide in the U.S.

According to a 2016 report by CDC, nearly 45,000 Americans, ages 10 or older, died by suicide.

Suicide is the 10th leading cause of death in the U.S., and is 1 of 3 leading causes that are on the rise.

Some factors specific to the veterinary profession may include:

  • Demands of practice such as long work hours, work overload, and practice management responsibilities.
  • Ever-increasing educational debt-to-income ratio.
  • Poor work-life balance.
  • Access to euthanasia solution used for animals and the training to calculate a dose that could also be lethal in people.

 

Method

For this study, NIOSH researchers looked at records from 11,620 veterinarians who died during the years 1979-2015.

Data for the study came from the American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA) and CDC’s National Center for Health Statistics. The AVMA maintains a data set of deaths of all known U.S. veterinarians using information from obituaries submitted to JAVMA and from life insurance policies. These sources provided age, sex, race, clinical positions, and species specialization.

The National Center for Health Statistics maintains the National Death Index, which provided underlying cause of death information for the deceased veterinarians. Using specialized software, researchers calculated proportionate mortality ratios (PMRs) to compare suicide deaths among veterinarians with the proportionate mortality in the broader U.S. population.

The PMRs indicated that suicide accounted for a greater proportion of deaths in veterinarians.


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